Evaluación rápida del grado de madurez de badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L.) mediante análisis de imágenes digitales y técnicas estadísticas multivariantes

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18779/ingenio.v9i1.1104

Palabras clave:

Índice de madurez, análisis multivariante, fruta tropical, RGB, PLS-DA

Resumen

Las frutas y verduras esenciales para una dieta saludable a nivel mundial son de naturaleza perecible. Según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), aproximadamente el 45 % de los alimentos se pierden antes de su consumo. La identificación del punto óptimo de maduración, tanto para la cosecha como para la venta, y su manipulación adecuada permiten reducir este desperdicio. La Passiflora quadrangularis (badea) es un cultivo tradicional sudamericano rico en antioxidantes y de gran importancia económica para las comunidades. Determinar el grado de madurez de la badea es fundamental para garantizar la calidad y reducir las pérdidas postcosecha. En este estudio, se realizó una caracterización fisicoquímica por días de maduración y se utilizaron imágenes de la badea en tres etapas de maduración: verde-madura, madura para la cosecha y completamente madura. La caracterización fisicoquímica sugiere un pH promedio de 5,73 y un índice de madurez de 11,62 %, lo que indica un estado de maduración temprana, adecuado para la cosecha. Las imágenes fueron analizadas mediante algoritmos multivariantes, incluidos el Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) y el Análisis Discriminante de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales (PLS-DA), con el fin de identificar patrones visuales y clasificar los niveles de madurez. El modelo alcanzó una precisión de entrenamiento del 100 % y de crosvalidación del 83 %. Estas metodologías ofrecen una manera rápida y no invasiva de evaluar la madurez de la fruta, facilitando la toma de decisiones sobre el momento adecuado para la cosecha y contribuyendo a reducir el desperdicio postcosecha.

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Publicado

2026-01-08

Cómo citar

Egas , L. ., Guapi , G. ., & Quelal-Vásconez , M. . (2026). Evaluación rápida del grado de madurez de badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L.) mediante análisis de imágenes digitales y técnicas estadísticas multivariantes. Revista InGenio, 9(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.18779/ingenio.v9i1.1104

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