Pathway to Solar Green Hydrogen: A Literature Review of Technologies, Efficiency, and Economic Feasibility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18779/ingenio.v9i1.1203Keywords:
Levelized cost of production, electrolysis, solar energy, green hydrogen, solar panelsAbstract
Green hydrogen produced from solar energy is emerging as a technical option to support the transition toward a sustainable energy model. This article presents an updated literature review on the most relevant advances in solar-powered electrolysis technologies, focusing on efficiency, costs, and commercial feasibility. The main types of electrolyzers are examined, along with their operating conditions and limitations. The analysis includes key economic factors that influence the competitiveness of green hydrogen, particularly the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH), which is affected by storage infrastructure and electricity prices. Although technical and financial challenges remain, solar-based hydrogen production is presented as a concrete option to diversify energy portfolios and reduce emissions in the energy sector.
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M. S. Herdem et al., “A brief overview of solar and wind-based green hydrogen production systems: Trends and standardization”, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 51, pp. 340-353, Jan. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.05.172
M. Awad et al., “A review of water electrolysis for green hydrogen generation considering PV/wind/hybrid/hydropower/geothermal/tidal and wave/biogas energy systems, economic analysis, and its application”, Alex. Eng. J., vol. 87, pp. 213-239, Jan. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2023.12.032
M. M. Meshesha, D. Chanda, y B. L. Yang, “Efficient green hydrogen production through metal–organic framework-derived Ni and Co mediated iron selenide hexagonal nanorods and wireless coupled with photovoltaics for urea and alkaline water electrolysis”, Appl. Catal. B Environ. Energy, vol. 344, pp. 123635, May. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123635
A. Abdurakhmanov et al., “Hydrogen production using solar energy”, IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 937, no. 4, pp. 042042, Dec. 2021. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/937/4/042042
K. Sayed et al., “Feasibility Study and Economic Analysis of PV/Wind-Powered Hydrogen Production Plant”, IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 76304-76318, 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3406895
F. F. Ahmad, O. Rejeb, G. Boudekji, y C. Ghenai, “Green hydrogen production using bifacial solar photovoltaics integrated with high-albedo roof coating & micro-inverter”, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 56, pp. 642-650, Feb. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.12.261
F. Gutiérrez-Martín, L. Amodio, y M. Pagano, “Hydrogen production by water electrolysis and off-grid solar PV”, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 46, no. 57, pp. 29038-29048, Aug. 2021. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.098
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Z. Saadat, M. Farazmand, y M. Sameti, “Integration of underground green hydrogen storage in hybrid energy generation”, Fuel, vol. 371, pp. 131899, Sep. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131899
M. Nasser, y H. Hassan, “Techno-enviro-economic analysis of hydrogen production via low and high temperature electrolyzers powered by PV/Wind turbines/Waste heat”, Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 278, pp. 116693, Feb. 2023. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.116693
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M. Nasser, T. F. Megahed, S. Ookawara, y H. Hassan, “Performance evaluation of PV panels/wind turbines hybrid system for green hydrogen generation and storage: Energy, exergy, economic, and enviroeconomic”, Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 267, pp. 115870, Sep. 2022. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115870
R. A. Younis, E. Touti, M. Aoudia, W. Zahrouni, A. I. Omar, y A. H. Elmetwaly, “Innovative hybrid energy storage systems with sustainable integration of green hydrogen and energy management solutions for standalone PV microgrids based on reduced fractional gradient descent algorithm”, Results Eng., vol. 24, Dic. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103229
B. Hüner, “Mathematical modeling of an integrated photovoltaic-assisted PEM water electrolyzer system for hydrogen production”, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 79, pp. 594-608, Aug. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.041
S. G. Chalk, y J. F. Miller, “Key challenges and recent progress in batteries, fuel cells, and hydrogen storage for clean energy systems”, J. Power Sources, vol. 159, no. 1, pp. 73-80, Sep. 2006. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.04.058
R. Ojha et al., “Insights into the structure-property relationships of activated carbon derived from phenolic resin for electrochemical storage of green hydrogen using proton battery”, J. Energy Storage, vol. 107, Jan. 2025. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.114912
M. Chen et al., “Enhancing the Efficiency of Multi-Electrolyzer Clusters with Lye Mixer: Topology Design and Control Strategy”, Energy Eng., vol. 121, no. 10, pp. 3055-3074, Sep. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.051524
A. Boretti, “Estimating the efficiency of a PEM electrolyzer fed by a PV plant in NEOM City”, Sol. Energy Adv., vol. 4, Sep. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seja.2024.100072
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A. Okunlola, M. Davis, y A. Kumar, “The development of an assessment framework to determine the technical hydrogen production potential from wind and solar energy”, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 166, Sep. 2022. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112610
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J. Li, T. Wu, C. Cheng, J. Li, y K. Zhou, “A Review of the Research Progress and Application of Key Components in the Hydrogen Fuel Cell System”, Processes, vol. 12, no. 2, Jan. 2024. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12020249
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