Reference conditions of the salt marsh mangrove estuary in the Guayaquil city

Abstract

Documents generated in 2012 on the mangrove remnants of the El Salado reserve in the city of Guayaquil - Ecuador, where the component is rescued: Flora with city, were analyzed, as well as other national sources that have produced information on the aforementioned ecosystem. National publications and legal instruments that have been used for the conservation of mangroves were systematically reviewed. The Estero Salado mangrove was delimited into three study areas, the field techniques and the statistics used were presented.  The results by study areas are differentiated by their diversity, dominance and abundance. Zone I correspond to the interior part of the city of Guayaquil, with mangroves reduced to strips, on surfaces approximately between 2 to 3 m from the shore, zone II reflected high values with respect to the Importance Value Index (IVI).  Zone III is far from human settlements, so it maintains the best forest conditions with dominance of Rhizosphora species. harrisonii and R. mangle. Stress affects the species that are present in 22.5% of the 40 stations analyzed, and insects in 70% in Rhizophora sp. and Laguncularia racemosa. The state of the mangrove strips of the El Salado reserve in the Guayaquil city constitutes the first floristic inventory from more than a decade ago, and the conditions in which it is currently found have not changed, specific political actions need to be implemented for its recovery.